Shoulder pain that won't settle? It could be a rotator cuff tear.

A rotator cuff tear is one of the most common causes of persistent shoulder pain in adults. It can make everyday activities such as reaching overhead, lifting shopping bags, getting dressed or sleeping on your side uncomfortable.

Some rotator cuff tears occur suddenly following a fall or lifting injury, while others develop gradually over time due to age-related changes or repetitive shoulder use.

At Belconnen Physiotherapy Clinic, we help people throughout Canberra understand the cause of their shoulder pain and develop an individual rehabilitation plan based on their symptoms, goals and lifestyle.

What is a rotator cuff tear?

The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their tendons that stabilise the shoulder and help lift and rotate the arm.

A rotator cuff tear occurs when one or more of these tendons become partially or completely torn.

Rotator cuff tears may be:

• Partial tears, where only part of the tendon is damaged

• Full-thickness tears, where the tendon is completely torn

• Acute tears caused by trauma

• Degenerative tears that develop gradually over time

Many people over 50 may have small tendon tears without symptoms. However, when pain, weakness and reduced function develop, assessment by a physiotherapist can help determine appropriate management.

What causes a rotator cuff tear?

Several factors can contribute to a torn rotator cuff.

Common causes include:

• Falls onto an outstretched arm

• Heavy lifting injuries

• Repetitive overhead activities

• Sporting injuries

• Age-related tendon changes

• Occupations involving repetitive shoulder use

People who regularly participate in swimming, tennis, cricket, painting or manual labour may place increased demands on the rotator cuff.

Common symptoms of a rotator cuff tear

Symptoms vary depending on the size and location of the tear.

Common signs include:

• Shoulder pain when lifting the arm

• Pain reaching overhead

• Weakness when lifting or carrying objects

• Difficulty sleeping on the affected shoulder

• Pain when reaching behind the back

• Clicking or catching sensations

• Reduced shoulder movement

A sudden traumatic tear may cause immediate pain and noticeable weakness, whereas gradual tears often become increasingly painful over months.

How is a rotator cuff tear diagnosed?

A physiotherapist will complete a detailed assessment that includes:

• Discussion of your symptoms and injury history

• Assessment of shoulder movement

• Strength testing

• Functional movement assessment

• Clinical tests for the rotator cuff

In some cases, your GP or medical practitioner may recommend imaging such as ultrasound or MRI if further information is required.

Assessment findings are considered alongside your symptoms, as imaging alone does not always explain shoulder pain.

How can physiotherapy help?

Many people with rotator cuff tears benefit from a structured rehabilitation program.

Your physiotherapy management may include:

Education

Understanding your injury and modifying aggravating activities can help manage symptoms while recovery progresses.

Individualised Exercise Rehabilitation

Targeted exercises aim to improve:

• Shoulder strength

• Rotator cuff function

• Scapular control

• Shoulder mobility

• Functional capacity

Exercise programs are progressed according to your symptoms and goals.

Pain Management

Your physiotherapist may recommend strategies to help manage pain while maintaining movement, allowing you to continue appropriate daily activities where possible.

Return to Work and Sport

Whether you work in an office, perform manual labour or enjoy recreational sport, rehabilitation can be tailored to help you safely return to your usual activities.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a rotator cuff tear heal without surgery?

Some partial tears and many degenerative tears can often be managed successfully without surgery through education, exercise and appropriate rehabilitation. However, treatment recommendations vary depending on the individual and the nature of the tear.

Do I need a scan?

Not always. Many rotator cuff tears can be identified through a thorough clinical assessment. Imaging may be recommended if symptoms are severe, following significant trauma, or if further investigation is required.

How long does recovery take?

Recovery varies depending on the size of the tear, your age, activity level and overall health. Some people improve over several weeks, while larger or more complex injuries may require several months of rehabilitation.

Should I keep exercising?

Remaining active is often beneficial, although certain movements may need to be temporarily modified. Your physiotherapist can recommend exercises that are appropriate for your stage of recovery.

When should you see a physiotherapist?

It is worth arranging an assessment if you have:

• Shoulder pain lasting more than a few weeks

• Difficulty lifting your arm

• Weakness following a fall or injury

• Pain disturbing your sleep

• Ongoing shoulder pain affecting work, sport or daily activities

Early assessment can help identify contributing factors and guide appropriate management.

Physiotherapy for Rotator Cuff Tears in Canberra

If you're experiencing shoulder pain or think you may have a rotator cuff tear, the team at Belconnen Physiotherapy Clinic is here to help.

We provide comprehensive physiotherapy assessments and personalised rehabilitation programs for people across Belconnen, Bruce, Macquarie, Hawker, Weetangera, Kaleen, Lawson, Cook and the wider Canberra region.

To arrange an appointment or discuss your shoulder symptoms, contact Belconnen Physiotherapy Clinic on (02) 6251 3487. Our physiotherapists can assess your condition, explain your treatment options and work with you to develop a rehabilitation plan suited to your individual needs.

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